{"id":20096,"date":"2022-02-11T12:06:09","date_gmt":"2022-02-11T12:06:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni.hi.is\/einar\/?p=20096"},"modified":"2022-02-11T12:06:09","modified_gmt":"2022-02-11T12:06:09","slug":"tvo-hundrud-og-fimmtiu-ar-fra-stofnun-embaettis-konunglegs-stjornumeistara-a-islandi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wizardly-antonelli.176-10-35-210.plesk.page\/?p=20096","title":{"rendered":"Tv\u00f6 hundru\u00f0 og fimmt\u00edu \u00e1r fr\u00e1 stofnun emb\u00e6ttis konunglegs stj\u00f6rnumeistara \u00e1 \u00cdslandi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vori\u00f0 1772 skipa\u00f0i Kristj\u00e1n konungur sj\u00f6undi Borgfir\u00f0inginn Eyj\u00f3lf J\u00f3nsson (1735-1775) stj\u00f6rnumeistara \u00e1 \u00cdslandi (Observator paa Vort Land Island). Eyj\u00f3lfur haf\u00f0i \u00e1\u00f0ur veri\u00f0 a\u00f0sto\u00f0arma\u00f0ur Christians Horrebow<\/a> vi\u00f0 stj\u00f6rnuathuganir \u00ed S\u00edvalaturni, og s\u00ed\u00f0an framkv\u00e6mt \u00fdmsar m\u00e6lingar h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi<\/a>, samhli\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vera ritari landsnefndarinnar<\/a>, sem h\u00e9r starfa\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00e1unum 1770-71.<\/p>\n

\u00cd erindisbr\u00e9fi<\/a> Eyj\u00f3lfs fr\u00e1 1772 eru taldar upp \u00fe\u00e6r athuganir, sem honum var \u00e6tla\u00f0 a\u00f0 stunda, og jafnframt teki\u00f0 fram a\u00f0 reisa skuli fyrir hann vi\u00f0unandi athugunarst\u00f6\u00f0. Stiftamtma\u00f0ur f\u00e9kk og s\u00e9rst\u00f6k fyrirm\u00e6li<\/a> um stu\u00f0ning vi\u00f0 vi\u00f0 hinn n\u00fdja stj\u00f6rnumeistara.<\/p>\n

Eyj\u00f3lfur mun hafa \u00fej\u00e1\u00f0st af t\u00e6ringu og h\u00e1\u00f0i sj\u00fakd\u00f3murinn honum svo mj\u00f6g, a\u00f0 honum var\u00f0 minna \u00far verki en annars hef\u00f0i or\u00f0i\u00f0. Hann kom s\u00e9r \u00fe\u00f3 upp a\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0u til stj\u00f6rnuathugana \u00e1 Arnarh\u00f3li \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk, \u00fear sem hann stunda\u00f0i me\u00f0al annars athuganir \u00e1 s\u00f3linni. Sj\u00e1lfur bj\u00f3 hann \u00ed tugth\u00fasinu (n\u00fa Stj\u00f3rnarr\u00e1\u00f0sh\u00fasinu). \u00dev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur hefur ekkert var\u00f0veist af m\u00e6lini\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0um hans fr\u00e1 \u00cdslands\u00e1runum, hvernig sem \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed stendur.<\/p>\n

Eyj\u00f3lfur l\u00e9st fertugur a\u00f0 aldri, sumari\u00f0 1775, nokkrum d\u00f6gum eftir a\u00f0 byrja\u00f0 var a\u00f0 grafa fyrir stj\u00f6rnuathugunarst\u00f6\u00f0inni \u00ed landi Bessasta\u00f0a. Vi\u00f0 l\u00e1t hans var h\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 verki\u00f0.<\/p>\n

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Teikning Eyj\u00f3lfs J\u00f3nssonar fr\u00e1 1773 af stj\u00f6rnu-athugunarst\u00f6\u00f0inni, sem aldrei var reist. Stj\u00f6rnumeistarinn \u00e1tti a\u00f0 b\u00faa \u00e1 ne\u00f0ri h\u00e6\u00f0inni, en m\u00e6lingarnar a\u00f0 fara fram \u00e1 \u00feeirri efri.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Erfi\u00f0lega gekk a\u00f0 finna eftirmann Eyj\u00f3lfs og \u00fea\u00f0 var ekki fyrr en vori\u00f0 1779, sem Nor\u00f0ma\u00f0urinn Rasmus Lievog (1738-1811) var \u00a0skipa\u00f0ur n\u00fdr stj\u00f6rnumeistari<\/a> \u00e1 \u00cdslandi. \u00c1\u00f0ur haf\u00f0i hann starfa\u00f0 \u00ed S\u00edvalaturni, fyrst sem a\u00f0sto\u00f0arma\u00f0ur Christians Horrebow 1775-76 og s\u00ed\u00f0an hj\u00e1 Thomas Bugge<\/a>, sem t\u00f3k vi\u00f0 sem pr\u00f3fessor \u00ed stj\u00f6rnufr\u00e6\u00f0i a\u00f0 Horrebow l\u00e1tnum \u00e1ri\u00f0 1777.<\/p>\n

Flj\u00f3lega eftir komuna til landsins h\u00f3f Lievog stj\u00f6rnuathuganir, fyrst \u00e1 lofti Bessasta\u00f0astofu, \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1 heimili s\u00ednu, Lambh\u00fasum (\u00e1rin 1780-83), og loks \u00ed s\u00e9rbygg\u00f0um stj\u00f6rnuturni, sem tilb\u00fainn var \u00ed \u00e1rslok 1783.<\/p>\n

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Grunnleikning Lievogs af athugunarst\u00f6\u00f0inni \u00ed Lambh\u00fasum fr\u00e1 1785-86.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00d3h\u00e6tt er a\u00f0 fullyr\u00f0a, a\u00f0 Lievog hafi starfa\u00f0 h\u00e9r vi\u00f0 erfi\u00f0ar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur, b\u00e6\u00f0i\u00a0 hva\u00f0 var\u00f0ar ve\u00f0urfar og skilningsleysi, jafnt \u00cdslendinga sem danskra emb\u00e6ttismanna. A\u00f0 auki var t\u00e6kjakostur hans r\u00fdr og \u00far s\u00e9r genginn og kvarta\u00f0i hann oft yfir \u00fev\u00ed vi\u00f0 Bugge \u00ed br\u00e9fum s\u00ednum. \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir \u00feetta voru m\u00e6lingar hans vanda\u00f0ar og st\u00f3\u00f0ust fyllilega samj\u00f6fnu\u00f0 vi\u00f0 m\u00e6lingar samt\u00edmamanna annars sta\u00f0ar. \u00cd \u00fev\u00ed sambandi ber s\u00e9rstaklega a\u00f0 geta athugana hans \u00e1 myrkvum J\u00fap\u00edterstungla, en ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur \u00feeirra m\u00e6linga eru enn n\u00fdttar.<\/p>\n

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Hin \u00feekkta mynd Johns Baine af stj\u00f6rnuathugunarst\u00f6\u00f0 Lievogs sumari\u00f0 1789. Vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0ina \u00e1 turninum er heimili stj\u00f6rnumeistaranns (b\u00e6rinn Lambh\u00fas) og lengra \u00ed burtu er b\u00fasta\u00f0ur stiftamtmanns.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00deess ber a\u00f0 geta, a\u00f0 auk margv\u00edslegra stj\u00f6rnuathugana s\u00e1 Lievog um daglegar ve\u00f0urathuganir, fylgdist me\u00f0 sj\u00e1varf\u00f6llum og nor\u00f0urlj\u00f3sum sem og misv\u00edsun \u00e1ttavita. Me\u00f0al \u00cdslendinga er hann \u00fe\u00f3 sennilega \u00feekktastur fyrir Reykjav\u00edkurkorti\u00f0<\/a>, sem hann lauk vi\u00f0 1787 (sj\u00e1 einnig h\u00e9r<\/a>). \u00deessi fj\u00f6lbreytta starfsemi gerir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 verkum a\u00f0 l\u00edta m\u00e1 \u00e1 stj\u00f6rnuturninn \u00ed Lambh\u00fasum sem fyrstu raunv\u00edsindastofnunina \u00e1 \u00cdslandi.<\/p>\n

Lista yfir m\u00e6lini\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur Lievogs stj\u00f6rnumeistara, b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fatgefnar og \u00ed handritum, m\u00e1 finna h\u00e9r<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Lievog starfa\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00cdslandi \u00ed r\u00faman aldarfj\u00f3r\u00f0ung, e\u00f0a til \u00e1rsins 1805, \u00feegar hann fluttist alfarinn til Kaupmannahafnar. L\u00f6g\u00f0ust stjarnm\u00e6lingar \u00fe\u00e1 af \u00ed Lambh\u00fasum. Tengdist \u00fea\u00f0 me\u00f0al annars upphafi strandm\u00e6linganna s\u00ed\u00f0ari<\/a> \u00e1ri\u00f0 1801.<\/p>\n

H\u00e9r a\u00f0 framan hefur veri\u00f0 stikla\u00f0 mj\u00f6g \u00e1 st\u00f3ru, en frekari sm\u00e1atri\u00f0i \u00ed \u00feessari annars fl\u00f3knu s\u00f6gu er a\u00f0 finna \u00ed eftirfarandi heimildum:<\/p>\n